India eagerly anticipates the arrival of cutting-edge weight loss medications like Ozempic and Zepbound, which have seen tremendous success in American and European markets. Ozempic, notably praised for its economic impact in Denmark, is set to debut soon.
Recently, the Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation's subject expert committee approved Eli Lilly's tirzepatide, the key ingredient in their products Mounjaro and Zepbound, for diabetes treatment. However, its potential for addressing obesity is still under review by the CDSCO, awaiting final regulatory clearance.
Tirzepatide is a key ingredient in Eli Lilly's medications, Mounjaro and Zepbound. Mounjaro is tailored for diabetes management, while Zepbound focuses on weight loss.
Medical experts emphasize that tirzepatide functions by mimicking two crucial hormones in the body: GIP and GLP-1. Upon injection, it activates receptors associated with these hormones, initiating various physiological responses. This includes stimulating the pancreas to enhance insulin production and signaling the brain to induce a sensation of fullness. Consequently, the drug not only lowers blood sugar levels but also curbs appetite, aiding in weight reduction among individuals struggling with obesity.
Experts highlight that tirzepatide's effectiveness stems from its mimicry of GIP, which not only suppresses appetite but may also enhance the body's ability to metabolize sugars and fats, thereby amplifying its weight loss benefits.
Research indicates significant efficacy of tirzepatide in combating obesity. According to a study published in The New England Journal of Medicine in July 2022, participants receiving lower doses experienced an average weight loss of 16% (equivalent to approximately 16 kilograms) over a year. Those on higher doses achieved even more substantial results, with a 21.4% reduction in body weight, equivalent to around 22 kilograms.
A previous study funded by Eli Lilly examined tirzepatide for treating obesity, highlighting gastrointestinal issues as the most frequent side effects. Among those taking the highest dosage, approximately one-third experienced nausea, while about one-fifth reported diarrhea. Additional side effects noted by participants included abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, headache, and dizziness.
According to the FDA, users of Zepbound may also encounter symptoms such as burping, hair loss, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. It's advised that pregnant individuals avoid this medication. Patients should be monitored for signs of depression or suicidal thoughts, and discontinuation is recommended if such symptoms manifest.
In recent statements to Reuters, Eli Lilly CEO David Ricks hinted at the potential launch of Mounjaro in India as early as 2025. Similarly, Novo Nordisk is preparing to introduce its weight-loss drug to the Indian market by 2026. These plans are fueled by India's staggering health statistics: it ranks second globally in terms of type 2 diabetes prevalence, affecting an estimated 101 million people as per a 2023 Lancet study. Additionally, obesity rates are soaring, with projections suggesting 11% of Indian adults could be obese by 2034 according to the World Obesity Federation Atlas.
While these medications promise significant weight loss benefits, doctors caution against viewing them as miraculous solutions. Clinical data, such as findings from studies on Wegovy, indicate that sustained use is crucial for long-term efficacy. For instance, users of Wegovy maintained an impressive average weight loss of 17.3% over 68 weeks. However, post-medication cessation, this figure diminished to a more modest 5.6% by week 120, highlighting the necessity of continued treatment.
The approval of these drugs is anticipated to revolutionize medical treatments, although their real-world impact underscores the importance of ongoing patient management and expectations.
